Acute Mountain Illness - Climbing Kilimanjaro
Acute Altitude Sickness > More in this Category > Preparation > First Layer Clothing > Outer Layer Clothing > Equipment > Food & Rations > Fitness Programme > Acclimatisation > Mild Altitude Sickness > Edema > Medication
Acute Mountain Sickness usually remains Mild until the last few days of the journey when it can become moderate to incredibly severe in some individuals. Moderate AMS symptoms include a shortage of breath even when stationary, vomiting and a severe headache that simply does not subside even with the aid of medication. The only manner in which to successfully treat this form of AMS is to make no further ascent, or possibly descend a couple of meters. Unfortunately, due to time frames this is unlikely to be an option on Kilimanjaro. Many climbers fail to reach the summit as a result of simply feeling too ill to continue their journey.
Severe AMS occurs in approximately 2% of climbers, usually at an altitude of between 4000 and 5000 meters. Symptoms should be treated immediately and include, among others confusion, a staggering gait and loss of co-ordination. Following decent, sufferers should immediately be given oxygen and a combination of drugs including Diamox, Nifedipine and Dexamethasone. Failure to descend and seek treatment will result in a coma almost certainly followed by death.
Provided that individuals are aware of the symptoms of AMS and treat them swiftly, the condition poses no serious threat. When uncertain, climbers should adhere to the following three rules:
• If AMS is even suspected, do not under any circumstances ascend any further.
• Never leave a person suspected of suffering from AMS alone. They may begin to struggle to breathe and have a panic attack, or alternatively develop severe symptoms and need help in descending.
• If symptoms worsen, descend immediately
If all else fails, the golden rule of gaining elevation slowly and descending promptly if one is ill is the simplest and most effective manner in which to ensure a safe and catastrophe free expedition.
The Kilimanjaro Experience
